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Research Article
Child Abuse Incidences Per Child Year Predicted from the Available Average Incidence Combined with Foreign Incidences Per Child Year: Towards a New Policy
Marianne Vlaming*,
Martin J. C. Van Gemert,
Pieter J. J. Sauer
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
163-168
Received:
24 July 2024
Accepted:
2 September 2024
Published:
18 October 2024
Abstract: Child abuse is a worldwide recognized serious problem. Reliable child abuse incidences, preferably per child year, are fundamental for a sound detection and prevention program. Unfortunately, in most countries where child abuse data is available, incidences are not determined per child year but as an average over the child age range. In this paper we suggest a possible "next-best" solution for deriving child abuse incidences per child year when only an average value is available in an area or country. As method, we combined the country's measured average incidence with available (foreign) incidences per child year. The country's next-best incidences per child year will be estimated from its average, multiplied by the foreign incidences per child year divided by the foreign average. As results, we calculated the next-best Dutch age-dependent incidences by combining the Dutch average value with US and Ontario age-related incidences. We found comparable results for infants above 1 year and marked differences for children <1 year, likely due to cultural differences between the US and Ontario. In conclusion, next-best age-related child abuse incidences are obtainable in large areas or countries by choosing a smaller but representative region, the latter estimated from Ontario-data as ≥210,000 inhabitants, and establishing as perfectly as possible the optimal infra structure. A future perspective towards a new policy could be to initiate and stimulate this approach in the various European Union and United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child member states.
Abstract: Child abuse is a worldwide recognized serious problem. Reliable child abuse incidences, preferably per child year, are fundamental for a sound detection and prevention program. Unfortunately, in most countries where child abuse data is available, incidences are not determined per child year but as an average over the child age range. In this paper ...
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Research Article
Correlation Between Feeding Pattern and Duration of Hospital Stay in Pneumonia of Infants Below 6 Months of Age
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
169-174
Received:
2 October 2024
Accepted:
23 October 2024
Published:
12 November 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20241004.12
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Abstract: Introduction: Pneumonia is the most common respiratory disorder among infants and one of the leading causes of hospital admission. Various feeding patterns have multiple impacts on pneumonia and recovery from it. Breast milk provides some protective properties against respiratory tract and gastrointestinal illness to protect infants during the first year of life. This study aimed to find an association between feeding patterns and duration of hospital stay due to pneumonia in infants below 6 months of age. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from February, 2019 to August, 2020. In our study, 200 infants below 6 months of age admitted with pneumonia in the Department of Paediatrics in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka were enrolled according to selection criteria. Result: Maximum incidence was seen in the 3 to 4 months of age, e.g.40.0% & 36.30% in girls and boys respectively, mean age of the pneumonia patient was 2.9±1.5 months. Out of 200 cases, 55.0% cases were male and 45.0% were female. Among all infants 93.75% of exclusively breastfed infants needed ≤10 days, and 27.88% of non-exclusive breastfed infants needed>10 days in the hospital for recovery from pneumonia. In both cases, the p-value was 0.001. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfed infants have shorter and non-exclusive breastfed infants have longer hospital stays due to pneumonia below 6 months of age.
Abstract: Introduction: Pneumonia is the most common respiratory disorder among infants and one of the leading causes of hospital admission. Various feeding patterns have multiple impacts on pneumonia and recovery from it. Breast milk provides some protective properties against respiratory tract and gastrointestinal illness to protect infants during the firs...
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Review Article
Difficulty of Announcing Congenital Heart Disease in a Child in a Hospital Setting in our Context
Soundousse Salimi,
Angela Kibangou*,
Nisrine EL Marzouki,
Chrislaine Moboula,
Salima Hajjaji
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
175-178
Received:
26 September 2024
Accepted:
4 November 2024
Published:
28 November 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20241004.13
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Abstract: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is synonymous with a frequent, serious, very long-lasting disease. It is necessary throughout the child's development phase and conditions his or her lifestyle. This is due on the one hand to the physical health problem, but also to the appearance of secondary psychological and social disorders, the possible course of the child's life conditions the quality of it, his future autonomy is therefore the total success of the treatment. The problems of the child and his or her family must be addressed in a comprehensive manner by the paediatrician and the attending physician, who must accompany them in facing the obstacles of society. The pediatric cardiotrician and the attending physician must inform the parents of the diagnosis, although it is difficult, and endeavour to give all the required information and clear, precise recommendations, adapted to the specific situation of the child. In this work we report a prospective study on a series of 51 children and their parents over a period of 5 months in a hospital setting, while performing a bibliographic search in the main search engines and research in the field of psychology.
Abstract: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is synonymous with a frequent, serious, very long-lasting disease. It is necessary throughout the child's development phase and conditions his or her lifestyle. This is due on the one hand to the physical health problem, but also to the appearance of secondary psychological and social disorders, the possible course of...
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Research Article
Glycaemic Status Among Neonates in Perinatal Asphyxia with Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy (Stage II and Stage III) in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
179-184
Received:
28 October 2024
Accepted:
11 November 2024
Published:
28 November 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20241004.14
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Abstract: Background: Perinatal asphyxia is major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Hypoxic ischaemic brain injury is the most important consequences of perinatal asphyxia which ultimately results in immediate and delayed form of neuronal death. The aim of this study was to find a relationship between glycaemic status and immediate outcomes of perinatal asphyxia. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in Department of Paediatrics, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, from 16th April 2019 to 15th October 2019. Total 100 term asphyxiated newborn babies with HIE (Stage II and III) admitted within 24 hours were enrolled according to selection criteria, Blood glucose level and other relevant tests were done in all included patients. Results: The mean age of the neonates was 6.31±0.91 hours. Among the patients, 60% were male and 40% were female. Most cases (65%) had normal birth weight, while 35% were low birth weight. Common clinical features included respiratory distress (59%), poor feeding (75%), lethargy (33%), grunting (48%), and petechiae (6%). Moderate encephalopathy (Stage II) was observed in 63% of cases, and severe asphyxia (Stage III) in 37%. Hypoglycaemia was present in 26% of neonates, hyperglycaemia in 3%, and 71% had normal glucose levels. Hypoglycaemia was significantly associated with severe asphyxia, occurring in 45.9% of severe cases compared to 14.2% of moderate cases (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was significant association between glycaemic abnormalities with severity of perinatal asphyxia and immediate outcome of the asphyxiated newborn.
Abstract: Background: Perinatal asphyxia is major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Hypoxic ischaemic brain injury is the most important consequences of perinatal asphyxia which ultimately results in immediate and delayed form of neuronal death. The aim of this study was to find a relationship between glycaemic status and immediate outcomes of perin...
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,
Umme Qulsum Sonia
